Analisis: 'Wahhabi' bukan ajaran sesat? -Suatu kajian- [English]


Oleh: Muhammad Zulsyamini bin Sufian Suri
*Berikut merupakan tugasan atau kertas kerja yang dibuat oleh penulis (Muhammad Zulsyamini bin Sufian Suri) bagi subjek Investigative Reporting (JRN 652) semasa berada di semester 5 Fakulti Komunikasi dan Pengajian Media (Kewartawanan UiTM Shah Alam)

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA
SHAH ALAM,
FACULTY OF COMMUNICATION & MEDIA STUDIES
Name of Subject / Code :
JRN 652/ INVESTIGATIVE REPORTING
TITLE
INTERPRETATIVE REPORT ON WAHHABI CONTROVERSY AMONG MUSLIMS IN MALAYSIA
GROUP:

MC241S5B
Prepared By :
Muhammad Zulsyamini Sufian Suri (2012******)

Prepared for:
En. Abuyamin Salam


INTRODUCTION
Basically the terms “Wahhabi” becoming dispute among society especially in Malaysia. There are people saying that Wahhabi is actually is a new madhab (sect) after the top- four Islamic school of thought (sects) after Hanafi, Maliki Syafi’e and Hanbali. There are also certain people saying that Wahhabi is actually a deviant teaching that distort from the right way of Ahli Sunnah wal Jamaah (ASWJ) or Sunni as Sunni becoming the most accepted religious ideological believe among Muslims in Malaysia. Even people nowadays seem easily labeled anyone who practices a religious devotion that differs from practices or norms of civil society as "Wahhabi" without conducting in-depth research and investigation and even worse when  certain parties who regard a person who associated with ‘Wahhabi’ ideological school of thought as a Kafir (disbeliever) or renegade from Islam (apostate).

In this aspect Islamic organization particularly should play the role in order to give a brief information and explanation towards this issue. The National Fatwa Council (Majlis Fatwa Kebangsaan- MFK) never state any fatwa saying that the Wahhabi is a heresy or deviant teaching even many people regard people that involve themselves with this group as extremists.

This doctrine is said has slowly threaten Muslim community especially from aspect of how to interpret Islamic law or Islamic sources like Al Quran and Al Hadith that became main source for Muslim to solve the problem arise in religous teaching. They have been accused as often claiming themselves as a group that better than others and people that not agree with them, immediately will be labeled as what have been stated above.

As we know Wahhabi is the new movement spread into this country through their religious people that took the country that hold this belief as their reference and idol. Many educated people was have been influenced by this movement. 


AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
The ground investigation was undertaken to provide details of the ground regarding the origin of the emergence of ‘Wahhabi’ via authentic and reliable sources from the internet and to provide details of the significant issues that seems may pose a threat to the development of national harmony such as the incident of Takfir (claiming a Muslim as apostate) among Muslims especially in Malaysia. The issue right now is whether Wahhabi is really a danger movement or religious sect that will harm society and create confusion among public especially towards those who are unknowledgeable in religious teaching.

REPORT STRUCTURE
This report presents the factual information in the form of detailed explanatory about the controversial terms of ‘Wahhabi’ that has been undertaken as part of the investigation. In addition, the result of this research will include fatwa from Islamic prominent scholar and also authorities views who also be accused as being a Wahhabis that are also provided in this report. The interpretative report describe the ground conditions in detail and provides a religious and history assessments of the significant constrains that have been identified from this investigation and measures that should be employed to mitigate these constrain.

Basically we just focus on the ‘Wahhabi’ issue limited to this country (Malaysia) as the issue is actually becoming a global issue where this group is being related to terrorism.


PLANNING OF ACTIVITIES
PRO
Day
Authorities that will be interviewed
Issues (Major Questions)
Day 1
Dr. Fathul Bari Mat Jahaya (UMNO Youth’s Exco)

Ustaz Idris Sulaiman
(Research Officer of  Saudi Arabia Ambassador in Malaysia
-What is so called as ‘Wahhabi’?

From your observation how Wahhabi can threat Muslim unity?




Day 2
Mohd Aizam Mas’ud
(Assistant Director of Research Unit  of JAKIM)
-Would definitely Wahhabi is heresy? If yes why there is not even one of JAKIM fatwa saying that Wahhabi is heresy or deviant teaching from Islam?

Is that JAKIM or MFK only regard Wahhabism only can splits and cracking the unity among society and not regarding them as astray?

Is that JAKIM have take legal action specifically against Wahhabi?
Day 3
Ustaz Mohamad Ismail
Head of Shia research unit of Ikatan Muslimin Malaysia (ISMA)
Is that the ‘Wahhabi’ terms only used by Islam enemy in order to make Muslims fighting each other?



GROUND INVESTIGATION
General
The investigation was undertaken and comprising the following scope of questions:
 1)   Whether Wahhabi is actually a new ideological sect or just an Islamic movement like Ikhwanul          Muslimin.
            2) What makes Wahhabi be viewed negatively by the public?
            3) Is there a conspiracy regarding issue of Wahhabi that associated with terrorism?
           4) What makes ’Wahhabi’ differs from Sunni teaching? Are the procedures or religious ritual between     Wahhabi and Sunni differs?
            5) What are the main sources of religious law in respect of the Wahhabis?


FINDINGS OF THE INVESTIGATIONS
The ground investigation has revealed that “Wahhabi” was considered as global issue rather than local issue. However, we only limit our research locally because basically the movement had been existed since more than 200 years ago besides individuals who being labeled as “Wahhabi” themselves denied that they are following the movement.

PRO
QUESTION 1.
a)      What is so called as ‘Wahhabi’? (Ustaz Fathul Bari)
b)      From your observation how Wahhabi can threat Muslim Unity

Answer:
a) Actually Wahhabi is a term used to refer to the followers of Shaykh Muhammad bin Abdul Wahhab. It is a form of religious thought held by a lot of contemporary Islamic scholars of Haramayn (Mecca and Medina) that follow the approach taken by Syaikh Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab.

Actually those who be labeled as Wahhabi themselves hate to be labeled so. It is because the terms ‘Wahhabi’ itself giving negative perception and stigma among society who usually relate the Wahhabis with terrorism.

b) Basically there is no problem regarding the label, because the “Wahhabi” label itself is given to those who want to fully follow the Quran and Sunnah. But because of some party who not satisfy and feel their groups are threatened by this movement, and then they tends to give negative perception about the Wahhabi till the movement seems very bad. When they are being asked about what is the real terminology about ‘Wahhabi’, I guaranteed they themselves would not be able to give the real definition about what is Wahhabi.

The ‘Wahhabi’ follower themselves do not satisfy they are being labeled as Wahhabi. They prefer to name their movement as “Al-Muwahhidun” means the followers of the Oneness of Allah. They also like to name themselves as ‘Salafi’ which means the follower of the righteous predecessors. Their main strive is to demolish Syirik (polytheism) specifically among Muslims who still asked towards other than Allah, for example via graves of their deceased Islamic scholar and other actions that will contribute to Syirik that is Khurafat (superstitions). Apart from that, they also tend to demolish Bid’ah (innovations in religious field).

There also misunderstanding regarding Bid’ah (innovations) terminology for Wahhabi holding. Most people assume that Bid’ah can be divided into two which are Bid’ah Hasanah (Good Bid’ah) and Bid’ah Dholalah (Astray Bid’ah). Basically the Wahhabis followers assume that all Bid’ah (innovations in religion) is astray. However, the Wahhabis only assume the Bad Bid’ah only focusing in religious and or matters of worship. Then, they also assume the Bid’ah Hasanah (Good Bid’ah) is exist only in worldly or earthly things like the technology although it is still not exist during the Prophet Muhamamd (pbuh) period. Because of this misunderstanding, the Wahhabi always is accused as very conservative, traditional and close-minded besides always regards other Muslims who use the benefits of technology and other new innovation that is apart from religious matter as astray and deviant.


QUESTION 2.
Would definitely Wahhabi is heresy? If yes why there is not even one of JAKIM fatwa saying that Wahhabi is heresy or deviant teaching from Islam? (Ustaz Aizam Mas’ud – JAKIM Officer)

Answer:
Actually we could not regard any minorities among Islamic followers as heresy even as ‘Kafir’ (disbeliever) if there is not even one evidence which could led them to become deviant. But actually I still regard them (the Wahhabis) as Islam that having same ideology with the majority of Islamic followers in this country which is Ahli Sunnah wal Jamaah (Sunni) but in certain aspect, the approach of Wahhabis mainly in celebrating the Khliaf (disputes regarding Islamic jurisprudence) among Islamic scholar is hardly to be accepted by society. In other words, the Wahhabis can be regarded as religious extremist.

Actually JAKIM also has expressed their views on Wahhabism  where at the of the view expressed that Wahhabism just inappropriate and unsuitable to be practiced in the context of understanding and religious practices in Malaysia that mostly stick to the Shafi'i school of  Fiqh and stick  in Ash'ari wa Maturidi in Aqeedah learning. It is different with other religious teaching that had be claimed as heresy and deviant via fatwas, Wahhabism still not regarded as heresy.

Basically, religious departments like JAIS (Jabatan Agama Islam Selangor) and soon have already taken action in preventing any preaching or doctrine among Muslims that could potentially threaten the stability of the country. In this case, although Wahhabi still not considered as heresy, precautions have been taken. For example, through religious teaching credential that been handled by the department of religion in every states in Malaysia. Thus, what can I say, the religious department having no right and power in taking legal action towards the Wahhabi specifically as the doctrine still not considered and gazette as heresy, except if the Wahhabis’ preacher breaking the credential law and regulations. For example, having no credential in teaching people in mosques.

QUESTION 3
 (Ustaz Mohamad bin Ismail)

Answer:
The enemy of Islam had successfully poisoning people’s mind regarding Wahhabis. Actually the real objective and aim of Wahhabi movement is to eliminate Syrik (polytheism towards Allah the only one god) that is the rival of Tawheed, and demolish Bid’ah (innovation in religious affairs) that could threaten the Sunnah (tradition of prophet Muhammad (pbuh).

But nowadays, western countries that were hit by Islam-phobia especially U.S. seems used the Wahhabi stigma to frighten Muslim society towards Wahhabi ideology. This is to ensure Muslims nowadays far away from their real religious teaching as what have been teach by the Prophet Muhamnad (pbuh) as the Wahhabis invoking Muslims to adapt the original religious ritual and diminish bid’ah (innovation).

Apart from that, Shia is among the most that hating Wahhabis.  Therefore, they (Shia) use the opportunity towards the Western propaganda on hating Wahhabis in growing resentment against the Wahhabi.

Honestly, I also do not agree with the approach of this group that seems a little bit hard. However, I still viewing that those people who involve themselves in this doctrine considered as Sunni Community. Among groups that always play with this label are Shiite (Shia) who use the public's misunderstanding of the real struggle of this group (Wahhabi) in eliminating heresy is to ensure that the Muslim community among Ahli Sunnah wal Jamaah (Sunni) confused with the Shi'ite agendas that can be advantageous towards them Shia as they (Shia) feel very threatened by these people that struggle to uphold the Sunnah."


CONTRA
QUESTION: Towards Ustaz Zamihan Mat Zin (Ministry of Home Affairs officer)
What is your view regarding Wahhabism?
Answer: Wahhabi teaching is very dangerous towards Muslim society as the teaching tends to declare anyone who does not follow them as ‘Kafir’ (disbeliever) and heresy. I also regard them as Kafir because they say that Allah is sitting above the Throne thus making them as ‘Mujassimah’ that is tendency to equalize between the God with His creations.

They also refuse to follow the four Fiqh Madhab (Islamic jurisprudence) of Sunni which are Hanafi, Maliki, Syafie, and Hanbali. In other words, they refuse to follow Islamic scholar’s (Ulama) fatwa.

Malaysia need to make sure that Wahhabi did not precede their doctrine because any countries that lead by Wahhabi leaders are under threat by secular system that forces citizen far away from the justice of democracy system, in term of freedom of perform the obligation towards Islam itself. What is most dangerous part is these groups refuse to take the ulama’s opinion and decision or in others word ‘Ijmak’ that becoming among the main authentic religious sources to Sunni.


FRAMEWORK



PLANNING
Firstly, we will show to audiences about what Wahhabi is all about and the criteria of people who are always being labeled as Wahhabi. Initially, we will expose to audiences regarding the contra views from Islamic academicians who say that Wahhabi is actually a deviant teaching that having possibilities to make people astray from the right path (Sunni) based on their argumentations.

Later on, we will try to make comparison between the pro and contra side. Anyway, based on our research, we tend to side on pro instead of contra and try to give more briefing and explanations towards the pro side rather than contra. It is not mean that were supporting Wahhabi, rather than we want just to be fair in assessing the group.

ANALYSIS

ISSUE 1 (Takfir towards Wahabi )
 Takfir or easily regards other Muslims as apostate phenomenon among fellow Muslims in Malaysia increasingly seen and not only sprout through a political platform, but also exist in form of cultural movement. The implications of Takfir is very big, that is either one from both of them must really becoming a Kafir (disbeliever). If the accusing person which is the person who make Takfir declare the other Muslims as ‘Kafir’ without adducing any evidences, then the accusation will be back towards him, or in other word, the accusing person must becoming Kafir (non-Muslim).

In terms of Wahhabi issue, basically the Wahhabi is said to be a doctrine that is out of Islam. It is because the doctrine is said to believe that the God, Allah is having a mass body like His creatures as the Wahhabi believe that Allah sitting on His Throne (‘Arasy). Different with the belief of majority of Malaysian society which practices Al-Asya’irah wal Maturidiyah doctrine, they tend to say that Allah exist without any place and without having a body or shape.

However, persons who being labeled as Wahhabi denied that they equalize the God (Allah) with His creation because they say that as Muslim we should believe the God’s identifying features based on what have been explained either in the Quran and Sunnah. As the Quran and Sunnah itself informing that the God having several characteristic which seems like the characteristic of His creations like Hearing, Seeing, lying down on certain place (The Throne – Arasy), then Wahhabis say that as Muslims we ought to believe in that without equalize His characteristic with creatures due to Him that possessing all and most perfection attributes as He is a God.


ISSUE  2 (Wahhabi always make Takfir and Thadlil (claiming someone as astray) towards other Muslims who make Bid’ah.

Wahhabi is said always regard other people who doing Bid’ah (innovation) as astray. They also is said to always make Takfir towards other groups that not agree with them especially towards Muslims that make a grave as a place to ask for something towards the deceased scholars.

For Wahhabis, generally they not assuming that anyone who believes and do things that are said to be Bid’ah certainly means that people will be place in hell, or in other words, he was strayed. This is because when the alleged perpetrator of a practice that is threatened with hell, it will not a must the culprit definitely be inserted into hell. The analogy is, as sins committed by every human being that is not infallible (free from error, or even one sin). Every sin perpetrators are threatened with punishment in the afterlife, whether in the form of punishment of the grave, or shall terminate in torment in hell. But we cannot say that each of the sinners whether it is small or large certainly is a member of the Hell. It absolutely not humanity right to punish a person whether he is a member of Heaven nor Hell as it is not eligible for the creature, but it is only befitting to Allah, the Lord of the Worlds.

For Takfir towards other groups especially for those who claiming themselves as ‘Soofi’ because always makes Syirik (polytheism) like prays towards other than Allah such as towards graves and towards deceased souls, Wahhabi have their strict rules and guidelines regarding this, because they also believe in hadith which stating that a Muslims that make Takfir towards other Muslims without having any evidences which makes the accused really falls into apostate, then the accusing person will must become Kafir.

In doing Takfir, basically Wahhabis having their own guidelines and procedures such as by regarding the knowledge of the Syirik performer either he knows whether that action is Syrik or not by ensuring the arguments about that action that was being understood by the doer. If the argument about that still not being understood, than the Syrik doer cannot be regarded as ‘Kafir. The other condition is by ensuring the Syirik performer doing the action not when he is forced to do so, or in other words, he doing so by his willingness.  If he is forced to do so, then, he still cannot be declared as Kafir.

ISSUE 3 (Wahhabis does not follow any sect)
It has become the norm these days that anyone who is said out of the sect practiced in some things, then that person will be labeled as "deviant Wahhabi-" despite the fact that they themselves are still not able to define what a "Wahhabi".

Also, the Wahhabi is said to reject Islamic jurisprudence sectarian, or in other words, they do not follow any Mazhab from the most four prominent Islamic jurisprudence which are Hanafi, Maliki, Syafie and Hanbali. As majority of Muslims in Malaysia follow Syafie sect, then the Wahhabi doctrine be looked as strangers even be looked as ‘anti-sect’.

For Wahhabis, they argue the accusation by claiming that in many verses of the Qur'an, Allah states that the submission and obedience must be preceded by obedience to Allah, His Messenger (Muhammad SAW), and then parents, and then the rest of humanity. They also claim that it is acknowledged that the Prophet s.a.w. never asked for his people to follow any Islamic sect just because the sectarian terminology itself is not known at that time of the four Imam schools (Hanafi, Maliki, Shafi'i and Hanbali) that only exist 100 years after the Prophet (pbuh) died. So, who are we to fix something that is not Allah and His Messenger specified in this religion?

If seen, straying of Christians is due to most of them do with not based on true knowledge and understanding in practicing their real religious teaching. Their ignorance is revealed when they only obey the words of the pastor (ulama ') without trying to investigate whether the words of their pastors whether meet or conflicting with what has been revealed by Allah to their prophet (Jesus) via their Books (Al-Kitab). They follow their monks or pastors blindly. Same as Wahhabi issues where they try to demolish the fanaticisms towards any Mazhab (sect) and scholar, because the real Sunni teaching teach that only fellows Prophets (pbut) whose are infallible that is free from sins and wrong.  
SUPPORTING EVIDENCES

Blog Fatwa Malaysia
Pandangan Mengenai Golongan Wahabi
Submitted by FatwaMalaysia on 23 December 2013 - 11:09am
ISU:

Apakah pandangan Majlis Fatwa Kebangsaan berkenaan golongan Wahabi? Adakah golongan yang berzikir dan berdoa secara sendiri-sendiri selepas solat itu Wahabi?

PENJELASAN:

Aliran Wahabi
bukanlah satu mazhab akan tetapi satu bentuk gerakan pemikiran agama yang banyak dipegang oleh ulama-ulama Haramayn (Mekah dan Madinah) kontemporari mengikuti pendekatan yang diambil oleh Muhammad bin Abd Wahhab (m.1792). Dari segi mazhab , mereka lebih hampir dengan mazhab Hanbali walaupun dari beberapa segi mereka lebih ketat dan keras.

Dalam sejarah tradisi ilmu Islam, aliran Wahhabi bukanlah mewakili arus perdana mazhab Ahl Sunnah wa al-Jamaah kerana sejak seribu tahun lebih, aliran yang menjadi peneraju kepada pentafsiran Ahl Sunnah wa al-Jamaah dalam bidang akidah ialah Asha’irah dan Maturidiyah, manakala dalam bidang fiqh ialah empat mazhab utama iaitu Shafi’i, Hanafi, Maliki dan Hanbali.

Dari segi pendekatan ilmiah, aliran Wahabi membawa pendekatan yang agak sempit dengan metodologi harfiah (literal) yang mereka ambil dalam memahami sumber agama khususnya al-Qur’an. Justeru itu, sebahagian dari pandangan mereka dalam agama bersifat agak keras terutama terhadap orang yang tidak mengambil pendekatan mereka. Pendekatan sebegini akhirnya telah membawa kepada kecenderungan untuk mudah mengeluarkan orang Islam dari lingkungan agama yang tidak sealiran dengan aliran Wahabi.

Contoh perbezaan pandangan golongan Wahabi yang agak jelas ialah pandangan mengenai sunnah dan bid’ah. Berdasarkan makna literal beberapa hadis Nabi, mereka menganggap bahawa setiap amalan ibadat yang tidak mengikuti secara langsung cara yang dibawa oleh Nabi saw, dianggap bid’ah dan terkeluar dari Islam.

Justeru itu banyak amalan dan pegangan yang telah diamalkan oleh masyarakat Islam telah dianggap terkeluar dari agama Islam oleh golongan Wahabi. Pendekatan ini telah menyebabkan perpecahan di kalangan sebahagian masyarakat yang telah lama mempunyai kesatuan dalam ibadat menurut pentafsiran imam-imam muktabar dalam mazhab Shafi’i dan dalam akidah menuruti aliran al-Ash’ari dan al-Maturidi.

Banyak persoalan yang bersifat khilafiah telah diangkat dan dianggap sebagai perkara usul sehingga menjadi permasalahan dalam masyarakat, seperti larangan doa qunut, wirid dan berdoa secara berjamaah selepas solat, tahlil, berzanji, qasidah, burdah, membaca yasin pada malam jumaat, perayaan maulid, kesemuanya ditolak atas nama bid’ah yang sesat. Ini sama sekali tidak selari dengan pemahaman sunnah dan bid’ah yang sebenar dalam Islam dan juga tidak bertepatan dengan semangat ilmiah dalam tradisi Islam yang membenarkan perbezaan pandangan dalam persoalan khilafiah.

Dalam konteks tasawuf, mereka amat keras membid’ah amalan-amalan tariqat, amalan wirid dan selawat yang dilakukan oleh golongan sufi. Dalam akidah, mereka membid’ahkan ajaran tauhid berdasarkan sifat yang kesemuanya dipelopori oleh ulama-ulama berwibawa dalam aliran Ahl Sunnah wa al-Jama’ah.

Contoh lain perbezaan pemahaman aliran Wahabi ialah pendekatan mereka dalam memahami ayat-ayat mutasyabihat dalam al-Qur’an seperti ayat berkaitan ‘tangan dan wajah Allah’, istiwa’ dan lain-lain. Dengan mengisbatkan secara literal ayat-ayat ini dan menolak sama sekali pendekatan ta’wil yang juga salah satu pendekatan yang diambil oleh ulama salaf dan khalaf, ia membawa kepada kecenderungan tajsim (kefahaman Allah berjism) dan tashbih (kefahaman Allah menyamai makhluk) terutama kepada mereka yang berfahaman simplistik berkaitan isu tersebut.

Ramai ulama-ulama yang telah mengkritik dan menghujah aliran Wahabi termasuk saudara kandung Sheikh Muhammad Abdul Wahhab sendiri iaitu Sheikh Sulayman Abd Wahhab dalam kitabnya bertajuk al-Sawa’iq al-Ilahiyyah fi al-Radd ‘ala al-Wahhabiyyah. Antara ulama-ulama lain ialah Sayyid Ahmad Ibn Zaini Dahlan (m.1886) Mufti Mekkah dan Shaykh al-Islam dalam kitabnya al-Durar al-Saniyyah fi al-Radd ‘ala al-Wahhabiyyah dan Dr. Sa’id Ramadhan al-Buti dalam karyanya al-Salafiyyatun Marhalatun Zamaniyyatun Mubarakatun la Mazhabun Islamiyyun.

Memandangkan Malaysia jelas mengambil pendirian sejak beratus tahun lalu bahawa aliran yang harus diikuti ialah mazhab Shafi’i dan dalam akidah aliran Ash’ari dan Maturidi dan ianya telah menghasilkan perpaduan yang utuh di kalangan umat Islam, baik dalam ibadah, muamalah dan lain-lain sehingga memberi ketenangan dan keharmonian dalam masyarakat dan negara, maka aliran Wahabi adalah tidak sesuai dalam konteks kefahaman dan amalan agama di Malaysia.

Manakala mereka yang berzikir secara sendiri-sendiri selepas solat tidak semestinya dari aliran Wahabi. Namun sekiranya mereka membid’ahkan orang yang berzikir secara berjamaah selepas solat berkemungkinan besar ia dari golongan tersebut.

Wallahu A’lam.

CONCLUSION

In this report, we tend to explain on what Wahhabi really is and try to correct some misconceptions among people about Wahhabi. For us, we sided with pro instead of contra views about it, because people nowadays tend to share with something that they do not really understand. If most people saying that people that be labeled as Wahhabi are strayed and deviant, then peoples will easily accusing someone who been labeled as Wahhabi is far and slip from the right path that is Ahli Sunnah wal Jamaah, while Wahhabi themselves try to invoke people so that every Muslim follow the real Islamic teaching based on what have been explained in the Quran and Sunnah without involving any innovation in this religion. If the accusation is not true, then the label of deviant and astray or even apostate (out from Islam) will reflect or turning back towards those who labeling them.

The religious authority also having no right and power in taking legal action towards the Wahhabi specifically as the doctrine still not considered and gazette as heresy. Although precautions steps have been enacted, but it only limits through religious teaching credential that been handled by the department of religion in every states in Malaysia as Wahhabi still not considered as heresy.

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PS: Asalnya ini adalah tugasan (assignment) berkumpulan. Namun entah mengapa hanya aku seorang sahaja yang membuat (menulis) mengenai tugasan ini SEPENUHNYA. =)

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